¿Existe una posible asociación entre la versatilidad de métodos autolesivos no suicidas en la adolescencia y adultez temprana y antecedentes de maltrato infantil?

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2024-11-16

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Calvo, N., Lugo-Marin, J., Garcia-Martínez, A., Alonzo-Castillo, T., Ferrer, S., Oriol-Escudé, M., Pérez-Galbarro, C., Ramos-Quiroga, J.-A., & Ferrer, M. (2024). ¿Existe una posible asociación entre la versatilidad de métodos autolesivos no suicidas en la adolescencia y adultez temprana y antecedentes de maltrato infantil?. Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, 41(4), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.31766/revpsij.v41n4a4

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31766/revpsij.v41n4a4

Palabras clave:

Autolesiones No Suicidas (ANS), Maltrato Infantil (MI), métodos de ANS, subtipos de Maltrato Infantil

Resumen

Introducción: Uno de los factores de riesgo específicos más frecuentemente asociados con el desarrollo de autolesiones no suicidas (ANS) en la adolescencia y adultez temprana es el maltrato infantil. Objetivos: En primer lugar, examinar las diferencias en la frecuencia y versatilidad (método único vs. combinado) de ANS en dos grupos de pacientes (adolescentes vs. adultos jóvenes). En segundo lugar, examinar las diferencias en las experiencias de trauma infantil autoinformadas en dos grupos de pacientes (adolescentes vs. adultos jóvenes). En tercer lugar, examinar las diferencias en las experiencias de trauma infantil autoinformadas en dos grupos de pacientes con ANS según la versatilidad del método autolesivo (método único vs. combinado). Material y métodos: La muestra estuvo formada por 284 pacientes ambulatorios que acudieron a las consultas externas de un hospital general (86,6% mujeres, edad media = 19,29 años, DE = 3,32) y fueron divididos en dos grupos de edad: adolescentes de 12 a 18 años (n= 127; 44,7% de la muestra total), y adultos jóvenes de 19-25 años (n=157; 55,3%). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la frecuencia y versatilidad de las autolesiones en los dos grupos de pacientes (adolescentes vs. jóvenes) así como tampoco diferencias en las experiencias de trauma infantil autoinformadas en los grupos de pacientes según la versatilidad del método autolesivo. No obstante, si se objetivó que los adultos jóvenes reportaron mayores puntuaciones de trauma infantil autoinformado en comparación con los adolescentes. Conclusiones: Se necesitan estudios futuros para la detección de factores de vulnerabilidad temprana y poder así mejorar el uso de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas más efectivas para el manejo clínico de las autolesiones no suicidas.

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Biografía del autor/a

N Calvo, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron. Grupo de Psiquiatría, Salud Mental y Adicciones, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Departamento de Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Grup TLP Barcelona, España.

J Lugo-Marin, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona. Centro de Investigación  Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), España

A Garcia-Martínez, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

T Alonzo-Castillo, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

S Ferrer, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

M Oriol-Escudé, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

C Pérez-Galbarro, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

J-A Ramos-Quiroga, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron. Grupo de Psiquiatría, Salud Mental y Adicciones, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Departamento de Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Grup TLP Barcelona, España.

M Ferrer, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron

Servicio de Salud Mental. Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron. Grupo de Psiquiatría, Salud Mental y Adicciones, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Departamento de Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Grup TLP Barcelona, España.

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